Qiao Shunan, an officia l who recorded Tan Sitong’s swan song
我自横刀向天笑，去留肝胆两昆仑。这是戊戌六君子之一的谭嗣同在就义前于狱中所写，人们耳熟能详。但很多人不知道的是，这首绝命诗是由一位刑部司官抄录下来的，他叫乔树枏。
乔树枏，字茂萱，成都华阳（今双流）人。他出生贫苦，父亲早亡，年少时入华阳县学，很快崭露头角。一次四川总督吴棠亲赴华阳阅卷，发现了乔树枏的试卷，大为赞赏，在卷上批“阅其文奇之”。为此，他拔贡在刑部做了一个小京官。官职虽小，却是破格录取。他将母亲接去京城生活。好景不长，乔母在京城病逝。乔树枏悲痛之下，回川葬母并守孝。后来他到少城书院任教。此时乔树枏已颇有名望，四川总督鹿传霖邀请他总办四川商务局，后去职回京。
1898年维新变法失败，乔树枏正好负责刑狱之事。在上刑场的最后几天里，他对戊戌六君子给予了他能做到的最为周到的关照。谭嗣同那首绝命诗是用几块炭写在狱门上的，若没有乔树枏的抄录，不可能留存下来。六君子就义之后，他不避罪愆，亲手收殓了刘光弟、杨锐的尸身，并请人扶柩回川。此后二十多年社会巨变中，乔树枏一直以佛门弟子自居，研习书法，诵佛念经，直到去世。1919年，乔树枏的孙子乔大壮将祖父的坟茔迁回四川华阳。
“Facing the executioner’s broadsword I looked up at the sky and laughed. Dead or alive our spirit w ill live on like the Kunlun Mountains.” These twofam iliar lines were composed by Tan Sitong, one of the Six Gentlemen of the Wuxu Reform, in prison right before he was executed. However, it is less known that Tan’s f inal poem was recorded by Qiao Shunan, an off icial at the M inistry of Punishments.(www.xing528.com)
Qiao Shunan, courtesy name M aoxuan, was born in Huayang（today’s Shuangliu）. Grow ing up poor, he always studied hard. Later, he taught at Shaocheng Academy. In 1898, when the Hundred Days’ Reform failed, Qiao was in charge of crim inal cases at the M inistry of Punishment. He did his best to look out for the Six Gentlemen. Before execution, Tan Sitong w rote a poem on the cell door w ith charcoal. Qiao copied the poem down so that it could be known and handed down. A fter the six reformers were executed, Qiao personally collected the bodies of Liu Guangdi and Yang Rui and had their coff ins sent back to Sichuan.
乔树枏书法
The callig raphy by Qiao Shunan
谭嗣同书法
The callig raphy by Tan Sitong
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