重视实证数据，提升国际教育质量

伦敦基础教育质量发展的另一个特征就是对实证数据的重视与应用。首先，在统一的国家课程中，英国教育部明确了学生在各关键阶段、各学科所应达到的预期学业标准，这就使得国家测试成绩能够直观真实地反映伦敦学生的学业水平。其次，在督导活动中，教育、儿童服务与技能标准局基于统一的督导框架和标准，提供了丰富的有关伦敦学校、教师及学生的监督及评价数据。第三，在学校改进的过程中，伦敦中小学积极地追踪一切教育数据，并基于此满足教师的专业发展需求、为学生提供有针对性的辅导，使得学校内部的教学和管理行为都更具有方向性和指导性。换言之，正是由于对实证数据的关注与分析，伦敦的基础教育质量发展才有据可依。

然而，不可回避的是，在国内测试中成绩遥遥领先的伦敦学生，在PISA测试中的表现并不抢眼，与此相应的“伦敦效应”也并未出现。^[105]面对最新公布的PISA 2018结果，如何追赶包括上海、北京在内的国际大都市的学生学业表现，是伦敦基础教育真正想要大做文章的所在。^[106]

【注释】

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[8]2018年伦敦共有500所中学，其中27所中学在报告发布时尚未被督导。

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[14]当前的教育标准局的数据视图页面更新于2018年1月29日，用户仅能查询各级学校的整体表现评级。

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[24]8科成绩最高分为80分，详细内容及计算方法见后文。

[25]8科进步分数介于—1到1之间，详细内容及计算方法见后文。

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