《公司法》中股份有限公司的责任及权利安排

第一章：总则

Chapter One：General Provisions

第一条：为了适应建立现代企业制度的需要，规范公司的组织和行为，保护公司、股东和债权人的合法权益，维护社会经济秩序，促进社会主义市场经济的发展，根据宪法，制定本法。

Article 1　This Law is enacted in accordance with the Constitution，in order to meet the needs of establishing a modern enterprise system，to regulate the organization and conduct of companies，to protect the lawful rights and interests of companies as well as the shareholders and creditors thereof，to maintain social and economic order，and to promote the development of the socialist market economy.

第二条：本法所称公司是指依照本法在中国境内设立的有限责任公司和股份有限公司。

Article 2　A company referred to herein means a limited liability company or a joint stock limited company established within the territory of the People's Republic of China in accordance herewith.

分析：本句出现了两次“本法”。翻译的时候请注意英语表达的多样性。分别可以翻译成a company referred to herein和in accordance herewith。

第三条：有限责任公司和股份有限公司是企业法人。

Article 3　Limited liability companies and joint stock limited companies are enterprise legal persons.

有限责任公司，股东以其出资额为限对公司承担责任，公司以其全部资产对公司的债务承担责任。

In the case of a limited liability company，the shareholders are liable thereto to the extent of their capital contribution，and the company is liable for its debts to the extent of all of its assets.

分析：中文法律文体里的“承担责任”翻译成英文的时候一般用be liable for/to或者be held accountable for，又或是be responsible for这几种表达。

股份有限公司，其全部资本分为等额股份，股东以其所持股份为限对公司承担责任，公司以其全部资产对公司的债务承担责任。

In the case of a joint stock limited company，its total capital is divided into stocks of equal value，and the shareholders are liable thereto to the extent of their share holdings，and the Company is liable for its debts to the extent of all of its assets.

第四条：公司股东作为出资者按投入公司的资本额享有所有者的资产受益、重大决策和选择管理者等权利。

Article 4　As contributors of capital，the shareholders of a company enjoy the rights of proprietors in proportion to their respective share of capital contributions to the company，such as deriving benefits from its assets，making major decisions，and selecting its management.

公司享有由股东投资形成的全部法人财产权，依法享有民事权利，承担民事责任。

The company enjoys the full property rights of a legal person in respect of assets resulting from the investment by its shareholders，and enjoys civil rights and bears civil liabilities in accordance with the law.

公司中的国有资产所有权属于国家。

Title to the state-owned assets in the company shall vest in the State.

第五条：公司以其全部法人财产，依法自主经营，自负盈亏。

Article 5　A company，with all of its assets owned by it as a legal person，shall operate autonomously and be responsible for its own profit and loss in accordance with the law.

公司在国家宏观调控下，按照市场需求自主组织生产经营，以提高经济效益、劳动生产率和实现资产保值增值为目的。

The company shall，under the state's macro-regulation，organize its production and operation autonomously in light of market demand，with a view to improving economic return and productivity，and accomplishing the preservation and increase of the value of its assets.

第六条：公司实行权责分明、管理科学、激励和约束相结合的内部管理体制。

Article 6　A company shall adopt an internal management system which clearly sets out the rights and responsibilities of the relevant parties，is conducive to scientific management，and combines incentive with check and balance.

分析：中文里的四字格“权责分明、管理科学”在翻译的时候不必拘泥于形式，把意思清楚朴实地翻译成英文即可。

第七条：国有企业改建为公司，必须依照法律、行政法规规定的条件和要求，转换经营机制，有步骤地清产核资，界定产权，清理债权债务，评估资产，建立规范的内部管理机构。

Article 7　If a state-owned enterprise is to be reorganized into a company，it must，in accordance with the conditions and requirements prescribed by national statutes and administrative regulations，change its operating mechanism，and orderly identify and verify its assets，determine the respective owners of the property rights therein，settle its creditor's rights and liabilities，conduct assets appraisal，and set up standard internal management organs.

第八条：设立有限责任公司、股份有限公司，必须符合本法规定的条件。符合本法规定的条件的，登记为有限责任公司或者股份有限公司；不符合本法规定的条件的，不得登记为有限责任公司或者股份有限公司。

Article 8　The establishment of a limited liability company or a joint stock limited company is subject to the requirements prescribed herein.An entity meeting the requirements prescribed herein may be registered as a limited liability company，or a joint stock limited company，as the case may be；an entity failing to meet the requirements prescribed herein may not be registered as a limited liability company，or a joint stock limited company，as the case may be.

法律、行政法规对设立公司规定必须报经审批的，在公司登记前依法办理审批手续。

Where the establishment of a company is subject to examination and approval as required by the relevant national statutes or administrative regulations，examination and approval procedure must be carried out in accordance with the law prior to its registration.

第九条：依照本法设立的有限责任公司，必须在公司名称中标明有限责任公司字样。

Article 9　The name of a limited liability company established in accordance herewith must contain the words“limited liability company”.

依照本法设立的股份有限公司，必须在公司名称中标明股份有限公司字样。

The name of a joint stock limited company established in accordance herewith must contain the words“joint stock limited company”.

第十条：公司以其主要办事机构所在地为住所。

Article 10　The Company shall be domiciled at the place where its principal executive office is located.

第十一条：设立公司必须依照本法制定公司章程。公司章程对公司、股东、董事、监事、经理具有约束力。

Article 11　In order to establish a company，its articles of association must be prepared in accordance herewith.The articles of association of the company are binding upon the company and its shareholders，directors，supervisors and general manager.(www.xing528.com)

公司的经营范围由公司章程规定，并依法登记。公司的经营范围中属于法律、行政法规限制的项目，应当依法经过批准。

The company's business scope shall be prescribed by its articles of association and be registered in accordance with the law.If an item in the Company's business scope is subject to any restriction prescribed by any national statute or administrative regulation，approval for such item shall be obtained in accordance with the law.

公司应当在登记的经营范围内从事经营活动。公司依照法定程序修改公司章程并经公司登记机关变更登记，可以变更其经营范围。

The company shall conduct its business within its registered business scope.The Company may change its business scope by amending its articles of association in accordance with legally prescribed procedure and registering such amendment with the company registration authority.

第十二条：公司可以向其他有限责任公司、股份有限公司投资，并以该出资额为限对所投资公司承担责任。

Article 12　A Company may invest in another limited liability company or joint stock limited company，and is liable to such company to the extent of its capital contribution.

公司向其他有限责任公司、股份有限公司投资的，除国务院规定的投资公司和控股公司外，所累计投资额不得超过本公司净资产的百分之五十。在投资后，接受被投资公司以利润转增的资本，其增加额不包括在内。

Except for an investment company or a holding company stipulated by the State Council，where a company is to invest in other limited liability companies or joint stock limited companies，its cumulative investment may not exceed 50 percent of its net assets，provided that if after the investment，the capital is increased using profit distribution received from the company in which it invested，the increased amount shall not be included.

第十三条：公司可以设立分公司，分公司不具有企业法人资格，其民事责任由公司承担。

Article 13　A company may establish branch companies，which do not have the status of enterprise legal persons，and the civil liabilities thereof shall be borne by the company.

公司可以设立子公司，子公司具有企业法人资格，依法独立承担民事责任。

The company may establish subsidiary companies，which have the status of enterprise legal persons and bear civil liabilities independently in accordance with the law.

分析：法律英语中“承担民事责任”翻译为to bear civil liabilities/responsibilities。“承担刑事责任”则翻译为to bear criminal responsibilities。

第十四条：公司从事经营活动，必须遵守法律，遵守职业道德，加强社会主义精神文明建设，接受政府和社会公众的监督。

Article 14　In conducting its business，a company must abide by the law，observe industry ethics，strengthen the development of socialist spiritual civilization，and subject itself to supervision by the government and the public.

公司的合法权益受法律保护，不受侵犯。

The company's lawful rights and interests are protected by law and shall not be infringed upon.

第十五条：公司必须保护职工的合法权益，加强劳动保护，实现安全生产。

Article 15　A company must protect the lawful rights and interests of its workers，strengthen labor protection，and achieve workplace safety.

公司采用多种形式，加强公司职工的职业教育和岗位培训，提高职工素质。

The company shall strengthen the professional education and on the job training of its workers in various forms，so as to improve their quality.

第十六条：公司职工依法组织工会，开展工会活动，维护职工的合法权益。公司应当为本公司工会提供必要的活动条件。

Article 16　The workers of a company shall organize a labor union，which shall conduct union activities and safeguard the lawful rights and interests of the workers in accordance with the law.The Company shall provide the necessary conditions for its labor union to conduct its activities.

国有独资公司和两个以上的国有企业或者其他两个以上的国有投资主体投资设立的有限责任公司，依照宪法和有关法律的规定，通过职工代表大会和其他形式，实行民主管理。

In accordance with the Constitution and other relevant national statutes，democratic management in the form of workers'assembly and other forms shall be adopted in a wholly stateowned company or a limited liability company established through investment by two or more stateowned enterprises or by two or more state-owned investment entities of other kinds.

第十七条：公司中中国共产党基层组织的活动，依照中国共产党章程办理。

Article 17　Activities of the elementary-level cell of the Chinese Communist Party in a company shall be conducted in accordance with the Charter of the Chinese Communist Party.

第十八条：外商投资的有限责任公司适用本法，有关中外合资经营企业、中外合作经营企业、外资企业的法律另有规定的，适用其规定。

Article 18　Limited liability companies with foreign investment are subject to this Law，provided that where the provisions of national statutes governing Sino-foreign equity joint venture enterprises，Sino-foreign cooperative joint venture enterprises，and wholly foreign owned enterprises stipulate otherwise，the stipulations therein shall prevail.

第十章：法律责任Chapter Ten：Legal Liabilities

第二百零六条：违反本法规定，办理公司登记时虚报注册资本、提交虚假证明文件或者采取其他欺诈手段隐瞒重要事实取得公司登记的，责令改正，对虚报注册资本的公司，处以虚报注册资本金额百分之五以上百分之十以下的罚款；对提交虚假证明文件或者采取其他欺诈手段隐瞒重要事实的公司，处以一万元以上十万元以下的罚款；情节严重的，撤销公司登记。构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

Article 206　In the case of company registration，where an applicant obtains company registration in violation hereof by making false statement of registered capital，submitting false certificates or by concealing material facts through other fraudulent means，the company shall be ordered to make rectification，and in case false statement of registered capital was made，the company shall be fined not less than 5 percent but not more than 10 percent of the amount of registered capital falsely stated；the company submitting false certificates or concealing material facts shall be fined not less than 10，000 Yuan but not more than 100，000 Yuan；where the circumstances are serious，the company registration shall be revoked.Where such action constitutes a crime，criminal liability shall be imposed in accordance with the law.

第二百零七条：制作虚假的招股说明书、认股书、公司债券募集办法发行股票或者公司债券的，责令停止发行，退还所募资金及其利息，处以非法募集资金金额百分之一以上百分之五以下的罚款。构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

Article 207　In the case of issue of company shares or bonds，where the prospectus，subscription form，or plan for company bonds offer is falsely prepared，the issuing activities shall be ordered to cease，and an order shall be issued for the return of the proceeds received together with interest thereon，and a fine of not less than 1 percent but not more than 5 percent of the proceeds illegally received shall be imposed.Where such action constitutes a crime，criminal liability shall be imposed in accordance with the law.

第二百零八条：公司的发起人、股东未交付货币、实物或者未转移财产权，虚假出资，欺骗债权人和社会公众的，责令改正，处以虚假出资金额百分之五以上百分之十以下的罚款。构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。

Article 208　In the case of capital contribution，where the sponsors or shareholders falsify capital contribution by failing to pay money，to deliver tangible goods or to transfer property rights，thus defrauding the creditors or the public，rectification shall be ordered，and such persons shall be fined not less than 5 percent but not more than 10 percent of the amount of capital contribution falsified.Where such action constitutes a crime，criminal liability shall be imposed in accordance with the law.

第二百二十九条：本法施行前依照法律、行政法规、地方性法规和国务院有关主管部门制定的《有限责任公司规范意见》《股份有限公司规范意见》登记成立的公司，继续保留，其中不完全具备本法规定的条件的，应当在规定的限期内达到本法规定的条件。具体实施办法，由国务院另行规定。

Article 229　Companies registered and established prior to the implementation of this Law，in accordance with law，administrative regulations，local regulations，and the Standard Opinions Concerning Limited Liability Companies and the Standard Opinions Concerning Joint Stock Limited Companies formulated by the relevant authority in charge under the State Council，shall remain in existence，provided that those companies which do not meet all the conditions prescribed herein shall meet such conditions within the time limit prescribed.Detailed implementing measures shall be formulated by the State Council separately.

第二百三十条：本法自1994年7月1日起施行。

Article 230　This Law shall become operative as of July 1，1994.