常用风力发电词汇及定义

结构参数

1.风力机　wind turbine

2.风力发电机组wind turbine generator system（WTGS）

3.风电场　wind power station；wind farm

4.水平轴风力机　horizontal axis wind turbine

5.垂直轴风力机　vertical axis wind turbine

6.轮毂（风力机）Hub（for wind turbines）

7.机舱　nacelle

8.支撑结构（风力机）support structure（for wind turbine）

9.关机（风力机）shutdown（for wind turbine）

10.紧急关机（风力机）emergency shutdown（for wind turbine）

11.空转（风力机）idling（for wind turbine）

12.锁机（风力机）blocking（for wind turbine）

13.停机（风力机）parking

14.静止standstill

15.制动器（风力机）brake（for wind turbine）

16.停机制动（风力机）parking brake（for wind turbine）

17.风轮转速（风力机）rotor speed（for wind turbine）

18.控制系统（风力机）control system（for wind turbine）

19.保护系统（风力发电系统）protection system（for WTGS）

设计和安全参数

20.设计工况design situation

21.载荷情况　load case

22.外部条件（风力机）　external conditions（for wind turbine）

23.设计极限　design limits

24.极限状态　limit state

25.安全寿命　safe life

风特性

26.风速　wind speed

27.风矢量　wind velocity

28.额定风速（风力机）rated wind speed（for wind turbine）

29.切入风速　cut-in wind speed

30.切出风速　cut-out wind speed

31.年平均　annual average

32.年平均风速　annual average wind speed

33.平均风速　mean wind speed

34.极端风速　extreme wind speed

35.风切变wind shear

36.下风向　down wind

37.上风向　up wind

38.阵风　gust

39.粗糙长度　roughness length

40.湍流强度　turbulence intensity

41.风场　wind site

42.测量参数　measurement parameters

43.测量位置　measurement seat

44.最大风速　maximum wind speed

45.风功率密度　wind energy density

46.阵风影响　gust influence

47.环境　environment

48.气候　climate

49.海洋气候　ocean climate

50.室内气候　indoor climate

51.极端最高　extreme

52.极端最高　extreme maximum

53.年最高　annual maximum

54.月平均温度　mean monthly temperature

55.空气湿度　air humidity

56.绝对湿度　absolute humidity

57.相对湿度　relative humidity

58.雨　rain

59.冻雨　freezing rain

60.雾凇；霜rime

61.雾　fog

62.盐雾　salt fog

63.标准大气压　standard air pressure

64.平均海平面　mean sea level

65.太阳辐射　solar radiation

66.直接太阳辐射　direct solar radiation

67.天空辐射　sky radiation

68.太阳常数　solar constant

69.黑体　black body

70.白体　white body

71.温室效应　greenhouse effect

72.表面温度　surface temperature

与电网连接

73.输出功率（风力发电机组）　output power

74.额定功率（风力发电机组）　rated power

功率特性测试

75.功率特性　power performance

76.功率系数　power coefficient

77.扫掠面积swept area

78.测量功率曲线　measured power

79.可利用率（风力发电机组）　availability（for WTGS）

80.数据组（测试功率特性）　data set（for power performance measurement）

81.精度（风力发电机组）　accuracy（for WTGS）

82.测量误差　uncertainty in measurement

83.测量周期　measurement period

84.实验场地　test site

85.气流畸变　flow distortion

86.障碍物　obstacles

87.风障　wind break

88.声压级　sound pressure level

89.声级　weighted sound pressure level；sound level

90.值向性（风力发电机组）　directivity（for WTGS）

91.音值　tonality

92.风的基准风速　acoustic reference wind speed

93.标准风速standardized wind speed

94.基准高度　reference height

95.基准粗糙长度reference roughness length

96.基准距离　reference distance

97.掠射角　grazing angle

98.比恩法　method of bins

99.标准误差　standard uncertainly

100.风能利用系数　rotor power coefficient

101.力矩系数　torque coefficient

102.额定力矩系数　rated torque coefficient

103.起动力矩系数　starting torque coefficient

104.最大力矩系数　maximum torque coefficient

105.过载度　ratio of over load

106.风力发电机组输出特性　output characteristic of WTGS

107.调节特性　regulating characteristics

108.平均噪声　average noise level

109.机组效率　efficiency of WTGS

110.机组寿命　service life

111.度电成本　cost per kilowatt hour of the electricity generated by WTGS

风轮

112.风轮　wind rotor

113.风轮直径　rotor diameter

114.风轮扫掠面积　rotor swept area

115.风轮仰角　tilt angle of rotor shaft

116.风轮偏航角　yawing angle of rotor shaft

117.风轮额定转速　rated turning speed of rotor

118.风轮最高转速　maximum turning speed of rotor

119.风轮尾流　rotor wake

120.尾流损失　wake losses

121.风轮稳定rotor stability

122.实度损失　the degree of actual loss

123.叶片数　number of blades

124.叶片　blade

125.等截面叶片　constant chord blade

126.变截面叶片面积　variable chord blade

127.叶片投影面积　projected area of blade

128.叶片长度　length of blade

129.叶根　root of blade

130.叶尖　tip of blade

131.叶尖速度　tip speed

132.桨距角　pitch angle

133.翼型　airfoil

134.前缘　leading edge

135.后缘　tailing edge

136.几何弦长　geometric chord of airfoil

137.平均几何弦长　mean geometric chord of airfoil

138.气动弦线　aerodynamic chord of airfoil

139.翼型厚度　thickness of airfoil

140.翼型相对厚度　relative thickness of airfoil

141.厚度函数　thickness function of airfoil

142.翼型族　the family of airfoil

143.叶片根梢比　ratio of tip　-section chord to root-section chord

144.叶片展弦比　aspect ratio

145.叶片安装角　setting angle of blade

146.叶片扭角　twist of blade

147.叶片几何攻角　angle of attack of blade

148.叶尖损失　tip losses

149.叶片损失　blade losses

150.颤振　flutter

151.迎风机构　orientation mechanism

152.调速机构　regulating mechanism

153.风轮偏侧式调速机构　regulating mechanism of turning wind rotor out of the wind sideward

154.变桨距调节机构　regulating mechanism by adjusting the pitch of blade

155.导流罩　nose

156.顺桨　feathering

157.阻尼板　spoiling flap

158.风轮空气动力特性　aerodynamic characteristics

159.叶尖速比　tip-speed ratio

160.额定叶尖速比　rated tip　-speed ratio

161.升力系数　lift coefficient

162.阻力系数　drag coefficient

163.推或拉力系数　thrust coefficient

传动系统

164.传动比　transmission ratio

165.齿轮　gear

166.齿轮副　gear pair

167.平行轴齿轮副　gear pair with parallel axes

168.齿轮系　train of gears

169.行星齿轮系　planetary gear train

170.小齿轮　pinion

171.大齿轮　wheel gear

172.主动齿轮　driving gear

173.从动齿轮　driven gear

174.行星齿轮　planet gear

175.行星架　planet carrier

176.太阳轮　sun gear

177.内齿圈　ring gear

178.外齿轮　external gear

179.内齿轮　internal gear

180.内齿轮副　internal gear pair

181.增速齿轮副　speed increasing gear pair

182.增速齿轮系　speed increasing gear train

183.中心距离　center distance

184.增速比　speed increasing ratio

185.齿面　tooth flank

186.工作齿面　working flank

187.非工作齿面non-working flank

188.模数　module

189.齿数　number of teeth

190.啮合　engagement；mesh

191.齿轮的变位　addendum modification on gear

192.变位齿轮　gear with addendum modification

193.圆柱齿轮　cylindrical gear

194.直齿圆柱齿轮　spur gear

195.斜齿圆柱齿轮　helical gear；single-helical gear

196.节点　pitch point

197.节圆　pitch circle

198.齿顶圆　tip circle

199.齿根圆　root circle

200.直径和半径　diameter and radius

201.齿宽　face width

202.齿厚　tooth thickness

203.压力角　pressure angle

204.蜗杆　worm

205.涡轮　worm wheel

206.联轴器　coupling

207.刚性联轴器　rigid coupling

208.万向联轴器　universal coupling

209.安全联轴器　security coupling

210.齿　tooth

211.齿槽　tooth space

212.斜齿轮　helical gear

213.人字齿轮double-helical gear

214.齿距　pitch

215.法向齿距　normal pitch

216.齿高　tooth depth

217.输入轴　input shaft

218.输出轴　output shaft

219.柱销　pin

220.柱销套　roller

221.行星齿轮传动机构　planetary gear drive mechanism

222.中心轮　center gear

223.单级行星齿轮系　single planetary gear train

224.多级行星齿轮系　multiple-stage planetary gear train

225.柔性齿轮　flexible

226.刚性齿轮　rigidity gear

227.柔性滚动轴承　flexible rolling bearing

228.输出连接　output coupling

229.刚度　rigidity

230.扭转刚度　torsional rigidity

231.扭转刚度系数　coefficient of torsional rigidity

232.起动力矩　starting torque

233.传动误差　transmission error

234.传动精度　transmission accuracy

235.固有频率　natural frequency

236.弹性连接　elastic coupling

237.刚性连接　rigid coupling

238.滑块连接　Oldham coupling

239.固定连接　integrated coupling

240.齿啮式连接　dynamic coupling

241.花键连接　splined coupling

242.牙嵌式连接　castellated coupling

243.径向销连接　radial pin coupling

244.周期振动　periodic vibration

245.随机振动　random vibration

246.峰值　peakValue

247.临界阻尼　critical damping

248.阻尼系数　damping coefficient

249.阻尼比　damping ratio

250.减震器　vibration isolator

251.幅值　amplitude

252.位移幅值　displacement amplitude

253.速度幅值　velocity amplitude

254.加速度幅值　acceleration amplitude

发电机

255.同步发电机　synchronous generator

256.异步发电机　asynchronous generator

257.感应电机　induction generator

258.转差率　slip

259.瞬态电流　transient current

260.笼型　cage

261.绕线转子　wound rotor

262.绕组系数　winding factor

263.换向器　commutator

264.集电环　collector ring

265.换向片　commutator segment

266.励磁响应　excitation response

制动系统

267.制动系统　braking system

268.制动机构　brake mechanism

269.正常制动系　normal braking system

270.紧急制动系　emergency braking system

271.空气制动系　air braking system

272.液压制动系　hydraulic braking system

273.电磁制动系　electromagnetic braking system

274.机械制动系　mechanical braking system

275.辅助装置　auxiliary device

276.制动器释放　braking releasing

277.制动器闭合　brake setting

278.液压缸　hydraulic cylinder

279.溢流阀　relief valve

280.泄油　drain

281.齿轮马达　gear motor

282.齿轮泵　gear pump

283.电磁阀　solenoid valve

284.液压过滤器　hydraulic filter

285.液压泵　hydraulic pump

286.液压系统　hydraulic system

287.油冷却器　oil cooler

288.压力控制阀　pressure control valve

289.安全阀　safety valve

290.设定压力　setting pressure

291.切换　switching

292.旋转接头　rotating union

293.压力表　pressure gauge

294.液压油　hydraulic fluid

295.液压马达　hydraulic motor

296.油封　oil seal

297.刹车盘　brake disc

298.闸垫　brake pad

299.刹车油　brake fluid

300.闸衬片　brake lining

偏航系统

301.滑动制动器　sliding shoes

302.偏航　yawing

303.主动偏航　active yawing

304.被动偏航　passive yawing

305.偏航驱动　yawing driven

306.解缆　untwist

塔架

307.塔架　tower

308.独立式塔架　free stand tower

309.拉索式塔架　guyed tower

310.塔影效应　influence by the tower shadow

控制与监测系统

311.远程监视　telemonitoring

312.协议　protocol

313.实时　real time

314.单向传输　simplex transmission

315.半双工传输half-duplex transmission

316.双工传输　duplex transmission

317.前置机　front end processor(www.xing528.com)

318.运动终端　remote terminal unit（RUT）

319.调制解调器　modern

320.数据终端设备　date terminal equipment

321.接口　interface

322.数据电路　date circuit

323.信息　information

324.状态信息　state information

325.分接头位置信息　tap position information

326.监视信息　monitored information

327.事件信息　event information

328.设备故障信息　equipment failure information

329.返回信息　return information

330.告警　alarm

331.设定值　set point valve

332.瞬时测量　instantaneous measured

333.计量值　counted measured；metered measured；metered reading

334.确认　acknowledgement

335.信号　signal

336.模拟信息　analog signal

337.命令　command

338.字节　byte

339.位：比特　bit

340.地址　address

341.波特　BD

342.编码　encode

343.译码　decode

344.代码　code

345.集中控制　centralized control

346.可编程序控制　programmable control

347.微机程制　minicomputer program control

348.模拟控制　analogue control

349.数字控制　digital control

350.强电控制　strong current control

351.弱电控制　weak current control

352.单元控制　unit control

353.就地控制　local control

354.联锁装置　interlocker

355.模拟盘　analogue board

356.配电盘　switch board

357.控制台　control desk

358.紧急停车按钮　emergency stop push-button

359.限位开关　limit switch

360.有载指示灯on-load indicator

361.位置指示灯　position indicator

362.屏幕显示　screen display

363.指示灯　display lamp

364.起动信号　starting signal

365.公共供电点　point of common coupling

366.闪变　flicker

367.数据库　data base

368.硬件　hardware

369.硬件平台　hardware platform

370.层　layer；level；class

371.模型　model

372.响应时间　response time

373.软件　software

374.软件平台　software platform

375.系统软件　system software

376.自由脱扣　trip　-free

377.基准误差　basic err

378.一对一控制方式one-to-one control mode

379.一次电流　primary current

380.一次电压　primary voltage

381.二次电流　secondary current

382.二次电压　secondary voltage

383.低压电器　low voltage

384.额定工作电压　rated operational voltage

385.运行管理　operation management

386.安全方案　safety

387.外部条件　external condition（for WTGS）

388.失效　failure

389.故障　fault

390.控制柜　control cabinet

391.冗余技术redundance

392.正常关机　normal shutdown（for wind turbine）

393.失效-安全fail-safe

394.排除故障　clearance

395.空转　idling（for wind turbine）

396.外部动力　external power supply

397.锁定装置　locking set

398.临界转速　activation rotational speed

399.最大转速　maximum rotational speed

400.过载功率　over power（for wind turbine）

401.临界功率　activation power　（for wind turbine）

402.最大功率　maximum power　（for wind turbine）

403.外联机试验　field test with turbine

404.试验台test-bed

405.台架试验　test on bed

406.防雷系统　lighting protection system（LPS）

407.外部防雷系统　external lighting protection system

408.内部防雷系统　internal lighting protection system

409.接闪器air-termination system

410.等电位连接　equipotential bonding

411.引下线　down-conductor

412.接地装置　earth-termination system

413.接地线　earth conductor

414.接地体　earth electrode

415.环行接地体　ring earth electrode

416.基础接地体　foundation earth electrode

417.等电位连接带　bonding bar

418.等电位连接导体　bonding conductor

419.保护等级　protection lever

420.防雷区　lightning protection zone

421.雷电流　lightning current

422.电涌保护区　surge suppressor

423.共用接地系统　common earthing system

424.接地基准点　earthing reference point（ERP）

425.持续运行　continuous operation

426.持续运行的闪变系数　flicker coefficient for continuous operation

427.闪变阶跃系数　flicker step factor

428.最大允许功率　maximum permitted power

429.最大测量功率　maximum measured power

430.电网阻抗相角network impedance phase angle

431.正常运行　normal operation

432.功率采集系统　power collection syetem

433.额定电流　rated current

434.额定无功功率　rated reactive power

435.停机　standstill

436.起动　start up

437.切换运行　switching operation

438.风力机最大功率　maximum power of wind turbine

439.风力机停机　parked wind turbine

440.安全系数　safety system

441.控制装置　control device

442.额定负载　rated load

443.周期　period

444.相位　phase

445.频率　frequency

446.阻尼　damping

447.电　electricity

448.电的　electric

449.电流　electric current

450.导电性　conductivity

451.电压　voltage

452.电磁感应　electromagnetic induction

453.励磁　excitation

454.电阻率　resistivity

455.导体　conductor

456.半导体　semiconductor

457.电路　electric circuit

458.串联电路　series circuit

459.电容　capacitance

460.电感　inductance

461.电阻　resistance

462.阻抗　impedance

463.电抗　reactance

464.传递比　transfer ration

465.交流电压　alternating voltage

466.交流电流　alternating current

467.脉动电压　pulsating voltage

468.脉动电流　pulsating current

469.直流电压　direct voltage

470.直流电流　direct current

471.瞬时功率　instantaneous power

472.有功功率　active power

473.无功功率　reactive power

474.有功电流　active current

475.无功电流　reactive current

476.功率因数　power factor

477.中性点　neutral point

478.相序　sequential order of the phase

479.电气元件　electrical device

480.接线端子　terminal

481.电极　electrode

482.地　earth；ground

483.接地电路　resistance of an earthed conductor

484.绝缘子　insulator

485.绝缘套管　insulating bushing

486.母线　busbar

487.线圈　coil

488.螺线管　solenoid

489.绕组　winding

490.电阻器　resistor

491.电感器　inductor

492.电容器　capacitor

493.继电器　relay

494.电能转换器　electric energy transducer

495.电机　electric machine

496.发电机　generator

497.电动机　motor

498.变压器　transformer

499.变流器　converter

500.变频器　frequency converter

501.整流器　rectifier

502.逆变器　inverter

503.传感器　sensor

504.耦合器　electric coupling

505.放大器　amplifier

506.振荡器　oscillator

507.滤波器　filter

508.触头　contact

509.开关设备　switchgear

510.控制设备　controlgear

511.闭合电路　closed circuit

512.断开电路　open circuit

513.通断　switching

514.联结　connection

515.串联　series connection

516.并联　parallel connection

517.星型联结　star connection

518.三角形联结　star connection

519.主电路　main circuit

520.辅助电路auxiliary circuit

521.控制电路　control circuit

522.信号电路　signal circuit

523.保护电路　protective circuit

524.换向　commutation

525.输入功率　input power

526.输入　input

527.输出　output

528.负载　load

529.加载　to load

530.充电　to charge

531.放电　to discharge

532.有载运行　on-load operation

533.空载运行　no-load operation

534.开路运行　open-circuit operation

535.短路运行short-circuit operation

536.满载　full load

537.效率　efficiency

538.损耗　loss

539.过电压　over-voltage

540.过电流　over circuit

541.欠电压　under-voltage

542.特性　characteristic

543.绝缘物　insulant

544.隔绝　to isolate

545.绝缘电阻　insulation resistance

546.泄漏电流　leakage current

547.短路　short circuit

548.噪音　noise

549.额定值　rated value

550.环境条件　environment condition

551.工况　　operating condition

552.额定工况　rated condition

553.极限数　limiting value

554.绝缘比　insulation level

555.负载比　duty ratio

556.抽样试验　sampling test

557.维护试验　maintenance test

558.投运试验　commissioning test

559.加速　accelerating

560.特性曲线　characteristic curve

561.额定电压　rated voltage

562.额定频率　rated frequency

563.额定转速　rated speed

564.温升　temperature rise

565.温度系数　temperature coefficient

566.端电压　terminal voltage

567.短路电流　short circuit current

568.可靠性　reliability

569.有效性　availability

570.耐久性　durability

571.维修　maintenance

572.修复时间　repair time

573.寿命　life

574.寿命试验　life time

575.使用寿命　useful life

576.平均寿命　mean life

577.耐久试验　endurance test

578.可靠性测定试验　reliability determination

579.现场可靠性试验　field reliability test

580.加速试验　accelerated test

581.安全性　fail safe

582.应力　stress

583.强度　strength

584.试验数据　test data

585.现场数据　field data

586.电触头　electrical contact

587.主触头　main contact

588.击穿　breakdown

589.电线电缆　electrical wire and cable

590.电力电缆　power cable

591.通信电缆　telecommunication cable；communication cable

592.油浸式变压器　oil-immersed type transformer

593.干式变压器　dry-type transformer

594.自耦变压器　auto-transformer

595.空载电流　non-load current

596.阻抗电压　impedance voltage

597.电抗电压　reactance voltage

598.电阻电压　resistance voltage

599.配电电器　distributing apparatus

600.控制电器　control apparatus

601.开关　switch

602.熔断器　fuse

603.断路器　circuit breaker

604.控制器　controller

605.接触器　contactor

606.机械寿命　mechanical endurance

607.电气寿命　electrical endurance

608.旋转电机　electrical rotating machine

609.直流电机　direct current machine

610.交流电机　alternating current machine

611.同步电机　synchronous machine

612.异步电机　asynchronous machine

613.感应电机　induction machine

614.开路特性　open-circuit characteristic

615.负载特性　load characteristic

616.短路特性　short-circuit characteristic

617.额定转矩　rated load torque

618.同步转速　synchronous speed

619.转差率　slip

620.短路比　short-circuit ratio

621.同步系数　synchronous speed

622.空载　no-load

623.系统　system

624.正常状态　normal condition

625.接触电压　touch voltage

626.跨步电压　step voltage

627.对地电压　voltage to earth

628.安全阻抗　safer impedance

629.安全距离　safe distance

630.安全标志　safe marking

631.安全色　safety color

632.中性点有效接地系统　system with effectively earthed neutral

633.检修接地　inspection earthing

634.工作接地　working earthing

635.保护接地　protective earthing

636.过电压保护　over voltage protection

637.过电流保护　over current protection

638.断相保护　open-phase protection

附加词汇

639.电力电子器件　power electronic device

640.晶闸管　thyratron

641.电力二极管　power diode

642.半导体整流器　semiconductor rectifier-SR

643.绝缘栅双极晶体管　insulated-gate bipolar transistor—IGBT

644.普通二极管（整流二极管）　general purpose diode